Magnetic lift



W. WERNER MAGNETIC LIFT Jan. 22, 1929.

Filed July 6, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet Jan. 22, 1929. 1,699,866

w. WERNER MAGNETIC LIFT Filed July 6, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet E I 'WWM MHUMMOL Jan. 22, 1929.

W. WERNER MAGNETIC LIFT Filed July 1925 4 Sheer..=.:Shee"v Jan. 22, 1929.

' w. WERNER MAGNETIC LIFT Filed July 1925 -4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Jan. 22, 1929.

WILLIAM WERNER, OF MEXIA, TEXAS.

MAGNETIC LIFT.

Application filed July 6,

My invention relates to a device for producing a reciprocating motion in a driven shaft by means of a magnet electrically produced. I

It is well understood that an electro-mag net may be used to handle heavy loads in moving weights from one place to another. As far as I am informed, however, the electromagnet has not been previously used in producing a reciprocating motion upon a shaft.

It is the object of my invention to provide a device whereby a shaft may be reciprocated by the alternate charging and releasing of an electro-magnet. It is desired that the same be adapted for use on pumps and similar de vices although it is obvious that the invention is capable of wide application under varying circumstances wherein a shaft is to be reciprocated.

1t is a further object of the invention to provide an electro-magnet adapted to produce the movement of a shaft through a comparatively long distance. It is also an object to provide an efiicient means whereby the full effect of the electro-magnet may be utilized. It is also desired that the device may be capable of operation under conditions where it may be submerged in water or other liquid.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be brought out with more particularity in the specification which follows. Referring to the drawing herewith, Fig. 1 1s a central longitudinal section through a devlce embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a, similar view partly in side elevation illustrating the parts in a different position than is disclosed in Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are upper and lower sections respectively of a multiple unit device employing my invention. Figs. 5 and 6 are upper and lower sections respectively llustrating the device shown in Figs. 3 and 4 1n charged position of the electromagnet. Fig. 7 is a transverse section on the plane 77 of Fig. 3. Figs. 8 and 9 are central longitudinal sections through the upper and lower ends of a device employing a slightly different embodiment of the invention. Like numerals of reference are employed to designate like parts in all the views.

In the embodiment disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2 there is a magnet 1 having a central cylindrical core 2 and an outer casing 3, connected therewith at the upper end. The said casing is separated from the core throughout the length of said core by a series of winding of 1925. Serial No. 41,725.

conducting wire 4. The casing extends downwardly beyond the core for some'distance to allow for an increased length of the helix of wire enclosing the space within the casing.

The core 3 has a central longitudinal channel 5 extending therethrough to accommo date the rod or pipe 6 of non-magnetic material. The lower end of said rod is threaded at 7 upon a plate 8 which is adapted to act as an armature at the lower end of the casing. The said rod extends outwardly beyond the plate 8, as shown at 9, and may be secured to any device which is to be operated, such as a pump shaft or a pitman attached to a crank of ordinary construction.

Secured within the space 10 Within the casing below the end of the core 2 are a series of plates 11. These plates surround the rod or pipe 6 and are spaced slightly therefrom, each plate having an opening 12 therein slightly larger than the rod 6. The said plates are of suflicient diameter to fit loosely within the lower end of the casing and are secured t0- gether and to the core by means of screws 13, said screws being of non-magnetic material, such as brass. The manner in which the screws 13 secure the plates together allows them to be spaced apart a limited distance. This is accomplished by providing in each plate a plurality of openings. Referring to the disclosure at the right-hand of Figs. 1 and 2, it will be notedthat the upper screw 13 is threaded within the lower end of the core. The next plate below the said upper plate has an opening 14 therein sufliciently large to allow the passage therethrough of the head 15 of the screw 13. Thus when the plate 11 is drawn upwardly through magnetic attraction, the head 15 of the screw 13 may project down into the opening 14 allowing the two upper plates to be drawn upwardly against the core.

The said second platezll is secured to the next adjacent upper plate by means of a sec ond screw 13, and the next adjacent plate below will have an opening 14 therein to allow the head of said screw 13 to pass therethrough, as in case of the two upper plates. By noting the drawing, it will be seen that each plate is attached to the next adjacent upper plate so that they may be spaced apart by gravity a uniform distance, but the connection between them is such that they may be all drawn together in close relation and contact with each other.

The core and the plates 11, adapted to act as an armature at the end of the core, may all be enclosed withln an outer housing 16 and in such case the rod 6 is slidable through the openings 17 and 18 in the lower andupper ends thereof respectively in fluid-tight relation. The housing will thus allow their:- terior to be filled with oil for purposes of lubrication and otherwise. A pressure valve 19 may be arranged upon the upper end of the housing, as shown. This valve includes the cylindrical outer casing screwed within the housing and having a plunger 20 therein makinga close fit with the inner walls of the valve chamber. The upper end of the chamber 19 is provided with a threaded ring 21 secured therein to prevent the plunger 20 from moving out or the housing; This ar- H V rangement provides for the filling of the housing when desired with oil and also allows the pressure of water, or other liquid, in which the device may be submerged, to exert a pressure upon the interior ot'the housing equal to that upon the outer portion thereof, as is desirable in a device of this type.

In the operation of this device, the same maybe placed in upright position, and when 7 the winding 4 is not charged with electricity the force of gravitywill cause the plates 11 to drop downwardly into the position shown In Fig. 1. When the' current is then connected with the helix 4 the core 2 will become a mag net drawing upwardly upon the upper plate 11 and lifting with it the other plates below together with the lower plate 6 and the rod 9 connected therewith. As each plate in succession is drawn in contact with the next adj acent upper plate, the rod and plates will be drawn into the closed position shown in Fig.

2, thereby lifting the rod 9 through a distance plates 11. If thereafter the current is dis' connected from the windings about the core 2,

l the plates 11 will be released and the force of gravity will draw them back into the position shown in Fig. 1. Thus by connecting and disconnecting the windings about the magnet within an electric circuit, the plates andthe rod attached thereto may be raised and lowered in alternate succession giving a reciproeating motion to the shaft or rod 9.

In Figs. 3 to 7 inclusive a slightly diiierent embodiment of theinvention is shown. In Figs. 3 and 4 the device is in discharged posi tion, while in Figs. 5 and 6 they are in a charged position of the maget. 'This device differs from the device previously described in that there is an upper series of plates forming an armature for the magnet as wellas a lower set. The core 22 has a tubular guide 23 ofnon-magnetic material extending upwardly therefrom, and a similar guide 24 downwardly. A housing 25 surrounds the guides i i 23' and 24 and encloses the windings of con- 'ducting wire 26, as in the previous embodiment. There are a series of plates 11 below the core within the housing, as in the previous embodiment, and a second series of plates 27 above the core and similar in construction to those below the core. A tubular rod 28 extends upwardly through the core and projects downwardly beyond the lower ends of the plates 11 and fits slidalolyv within a piston or plunger 29. Said plunger works within a cylinder 30 which extends upwardly from a plate 31. The said plunger 29 has at its upper end a radial flange 32 composed of a washer of magnetic material secured to the plunger and having opposite openings therein outside the cylinder 30 to receive the ends-of a U- shaped yoke 33, which extends downwardly through the plate 31, as shown best in Fig. 4. The plate 31 has opposite rods 35 therein which extend upwardlyand are connected with the lower end 36 of the housing 25. The plate 31 and the cylinder 30 are thus held in spaced relation below the housing.

At the upper end of the housing, a plate 31 is held in spaced relation above the casing by rods 35, and the said plate 31 has a cylin-' der 30 extending upwardly therefrom and adapted to receive a piston 29 projectingv downwardly'r'rom a plate 37. Said plate 37 is formed with opposite threaded openings to receive the rods 38 extending downwardly and slidable through openings 39 in the plate 31 and are connected at 40 with the upper plate 27' of the armature. It will be noted that the tubular rod 28 is fixed to the plate 31 by having threaded engagement therewith and thus connects the upper cylinder 30 with the lower cylinder 30. The said rod 28 is slidable within the piston 29 at its lower end so as to allow a fluid con nection between the cylinders.

The arrangement shown in this embodiment is desired to produce a compound lift-- ing eflect on such a' device as a pump rod. Said'rod or other load maybe secured to the lower end 41 of the yoke 33. When the magnet is discharged, or disconnected from the electric circuit, the parts will be in the positions shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The lower piston 29 will be in position at the lower end of the cylinderin which it works. The upper piston 29 will be in raised position outof the cylinder 30. Then the current is turned on' the eiiect will be to draw the plates 11 and 27 in succession against the magnetic core'22- in the manner previously described, the parts quickly assuming the position shown in Fig. 5. It is contemplated that the cylinder 30' and the tube or rod'28 connected to the 'cylin ders will be filled with a fluid, such as oil or water. When, therefore, the plates forming the armature at the ends of the magnetic core are drawn into closed position, the piston 29' will be forced downwardly within the cylinder 3O driving the liquid therein through the tubular rod 28 into the'cylinder 30 at the lower end, thus exerting an upwardly push or lift upon the piston 29. This will serve to lift'the lower plate 32 of the armature and force it upwardly along the rod 28 into closed position. It will thus increase the lifting effect of the plates 11 upon the yoke 33 se cured to the load. I

WVhen the current is disconnected the load will tend to draw the yoke 33 downwardly forcing the piston 29 into the Fig. 4 position and thereby driving the fluid within the cylinder upwardly through the tube 28 into the cylinder 30 and raising the piston 29 and the plates 27 connected therewith into the 3 position. The device will then be ready for a repetition of this operation to accomplish a reciprocation of the load engaging yoke 41.

' In'Figs. 8 and 9 a simplified embodiment of the invention is disclosed similar to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, with the exception of the shape of the armature plates 42 and corresponding differences in shape of the magnetic core 43. and the connecting means be tween the adJacent plates shown at 44. In

this embodiment the core 43 may be of any desired length and in Fig. 8 the upper end thereof is shown broken off although it may be ofvery shortlength. The magnetic core has a sleeve 45 thereon extending downwardly fora suitable distance. and a casing 46 spaced outside the said sleeve provides a chamber 47 outside of the sleeve 45 to receive the windings of wire 48. The lower end of the magnetic core 43 is formed with a conical. recess 49 therein to receive the upper end of the upper armature plate 42, previously re ferred to. Said plate is formed as a conical shell fitting about the central tubular shaft 50 and slidable longitudinally thereon. The upper plate is connected by a short pin. or dowel, 44 with the lower wall of the recess 49 within the core. The next adjacent lower plate 42 is spaced slightly from the upper plate and is connectedwith the plate 42 by means of a pin 44' secured within the plate 42 and extending through a slot or opening 51 within the next adjacent plate 42. Each adjacent plate is connected with the one below in a similar manner, there being a slot for the connecting pin 44 to work in, thus allowing a limited movement between the adjacent plates. The lower plates 42 has a fixed connection with a collar 53 secured to a shaft 54 to which the load may be secured. The shaft 54 is adapted to slide upon the central shaft 50 so that the said shaft 54 may be reciprocated, as in the previous embodiment.

This form of the invention has the advantage of allowing a greater movement of the plates in a longitudinal direction. It will be noted on observation that the movement of the plates into contact with each other will necessitate a greater longitudinal movement thereof than in the case of the plates 11 in the Fig. 1 embodiment where the plates are spaced horizontally apart. Furthermore,

by Letters Patent is:

the space between the adjacent plates in this embodiment is less than in the Fig. 1 embodiment so that the air gap between the plates is comparatively less, andv so that the field force may have a stronger action between adjacent plates and a larger area upon which to act than in the previous embodiments. A longer movement of a load engaging means maybe accomplished with a stronger action of the magnetic field in this form of the apparatus. Y

The advantages of this type of magnetic lift over the customary solenoid form of lifting apparatus lies in the fact that the greater efiiciency in the use of the magnet field may be obtained. The lines of force drawing the armature plates upon the end of the magnet are exerted through a short space in each case and each of the armature plates in suc cession serve to form a portion of the magnetic core as it is drawn into position in contact with the plate above. In the arrangement shown in Figs. 3 to 6 inclusive, acompound action of the magnetic field maybe obtained and the use of a fluid circulating through the connection pipe 28 has a cooling effect upon the working parts of the system so that its efiiciency is maintained at its nor mal force.

lVhile I have described the device as employed particularly upon devices similar to pumps, it is to be understood that various changes may be made coming within the scope of the invention whereby the device may be employed in varying relations to different devices whereby the operation may be accomplished by the reciprocation of a shaft. The further advantages of the device, and the objects to be attained thereby, will be obvious to those skilled in the art without further description.

What I claim as new and desire to protect 1. A device of the character described comprising a cylindrical core, a casing spaced outwardly from said core except at one end, a winding of electrically conducting wire on said core, a rod of non-magnetic material extending axially through said core, a plurality of iron plates slidable on said rod below said core, said plates being connected to said core and to adjacent plates, the lowermost plate being connected with a load-engaging means, whereby the connection of said wire within an electric circuit will raise said plates in the manner described.

2. A device of the character described comprising an electro-magnetic core, a spaced outer casing extending below the lower end of said core, a series of plates of magnetic material suspended loosely in spaced relation from the lower end' of said core, a combined load engaging means and guide secured at the lower end of said series of plates, the lower plate being adapted to contact with said 3. In a device ofthe character described an electro-magnetic core having a recess in'its lower end, a series of loosely spaced'plates suspended from said core and extending within said recess, a combined guide and load engaging block secured to the lowermost of said plates, and means to secure adjacent plates together allowing a limited longitudinal movement of said plates.

4. In a device of the characterdescribed an ele'ctro-magnetic core having a recess in'one end thereof, a series of plates of magnetic material below said core, a casing spaced outside said core, means in said core extending into a vertical slot in the upper plate,

similar connections between the individual plates and the adjacent upper plates, and a load-engaging means secured on the lowermost of said plates.

5. In a device of the character described an electro-magnetic core having a recess in its lower end, an outer magnetic casing, a series of plates suspended loosely in spaced relation from said core, and means on said plates to engage and move a load when said plates are moved upwardly by the energizing of said core.

6. A device of the character described comprisinga central electro-magnetic core, an outer magnetic casing extending beyond said core at each end, a series of plates of magnetic material connected loosely together atle'ach .end of said core, a load engaging means at the lower end of said series of plates, means connected with the upper series of plates whereby the lower load-engaging series of plates will be assisted in its lifting elfort when said core is energized.

7. A device of the character described comprising a central electro-inagnetic core, an

outer casing, an upper and a lower series of plates loosely connected with said core at the upper and lower ends thereof respectively, a

load-engaging means connected with the lowermost plate, cylinders connected with the upper and lower ends of said casing, a tube connecting said cylinders, pistons working in said cylinders connected with the outermost of said =plates,'whereby said cylinders. and pipe may be filled with fluid in'the manner and for the purpose described.

S. In a device of the character described, a stationary V electro-magnetic core, a casing spaced outside said core but connected thereto at one end and extending beyond the other,

end of said core, a series of loosely connected lifting members of 'magnetic material suspended from said core, a winding of conducting wire in said casing throughout its length, and load engaging means on said lifting mem bers.

In testimony whereof I hereunto alfix my signature this 1st day of July A. D. 1925'. WILLIAM WERNER. 

